Derás: o debate sobre a definição e aplicação do termo nos estudos exegéticos do século XX

Derás: o debate sobre a definição e aplicação do termo nos estudos exegéticos do século XX (Prof. Dr. Boris Agustín Nef Ulloa)

Resumo: No último século, os exegetas cristãos, para obter uma compreensão mais profunda dos escritos neotestamentários, despertaram progressivamente para a necessidade de conhecer as fontes, práticas e características da exegese judaica (do período do Segundo Templo e do período Rabínico). Esta mudança de perspectiva fez com que a exegese cristã entrasse em diálogo com o derás, a hermenêutica própria do judaísmo. Neste artigo apresentamos a complexa questão da definição e da distinção dos dois termos: derás e midrás. Seguimos o caminho histórico percorrido pelos exegetas cristãos quanto à compreensão e à aplicação dos dois termos. Enfocamos, de modo particular, o debate sobre a compreensão do midrás/derás enquanto gênero literário específico (Wright) ou método exegético e hermenêutico (Bloch; Díez Macho; Le Déaut; etc).

URL: http://revistas.pucsp.br/index.php/reveleteo/article/view/6798/4921

Eternally Eve: Images of Eve in the Hebrew Bible, Midrash, and Modern Jewish Poetry

Eternally Eve: Images of Eve in the Hebrew Bible, Midrash, and Modern Jewish Poetry
Anne Lapidus Lerner
Reviewed by Lieve M. Teugels

Description: The biblical accounts of Eve's life are central to Western culture, occupying a privileged place in our literature and art, culture, and society. By tracing the imagined character of Eve from ancient times to the present, Eternally Eve opens a window on the transmission and persistence of cultural and social values. Eternally Eve takes as its subject the many ways these stories can be read, interpreting the biblical narratives as well as their iteration by rabbinic midrashists and modern poets. Anne Lapidus Lerner argues that we must set aside, or at least rethink, a series of assumptions about Eve that have been dominant in Jewish thought for centuries and instead return to the original texts to rediscover meanings implicit in them. Using modern poetry about Eve as a touchstone for reinterpreting older texts, Lerner discovers that Genesis is often more open to contemporary values than are later rabbinic texts. Linking sacred texts to works of the classical and modern imagination, Lerner restores to her sources meanings suppressed or neglected over many years and demonstrates their power to speak today.

Subjects: Bible, Hebrew Bible / Old Testament, Pentateuch, Genesis, Literature, Methods, Historical Approaches, History, History of Interpretation

Review by Lieve M. Teugels
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Published 7/12/2008
Citation: Lieve M. Teugels, review of Anne Lapidus Lerner, Eternally Eve: Images of Eve in the Hebrew Bible, Midrash, and Modern Jewish Poetry, Review of Biblical Literature [http://www.bookreviews.org] (2008).

The Literature of the Sages: Second Part: Midrash and Targum, Liturgy, Poetry, Mysticism.......

The Literature of the Sages: Second Part: Midrash and Targum, Liturgy, Poetry, Mysticism, Contracts, Inscriptions, Ancient Science and the Languages of Rabbinic Literature
Safrai, Shmuel, Zeev Safrai, Joshua Schwartz and Peter J. Tomson, editors

Assen/Minneapolis: Van Gorcum/Fortress, 2006

Series Information

Compendia Rerum Judaicarum ad Novum Testamentum, 2.3b

Description: The literary creation of the ancient Jewish teachers or sages (also called rabbinic literature) consists of the teachings of thousands of sages, many of them anonymous. For a long period, their teachings existed orally, which implied a great deal of flexibility in arrangement and form. Only gradually, as parts of this amorphous oral tradition became fixed, was the literature written down, a process that began in the third century C.E. and continued into the Middle Ages. Thus the documents of rabbinic literature are the result of a remarkably long and complex process of creation and editing. This long-awaited companion volume to 'The Literature of the Sages, First Part' (1987) gives a careful and succinct analysis both of the content and specific nature of the various documents, and of their textual and literary forms, paying special attention to the continuing discovery and publication of new textual material. Incorporating ground-breaking developments in research, these essays give a comprehensive presentation published here for the first time. This volume is an important reference work for all students of ancient Judaism, as well as for those interested in the origins of Jewish tradition and the Jewish background of Christianity

Subjects: Bible, Mishnah, Talmudic and Rabbinic Literature, Targumic Texts, Other Rabbinic Works, Literature

Review by Jan-Wim Wesselius
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Published 12/1/2007
Citation: Jan-Wim Wesselius, review of Shmuel Safrai, Zeev Safrai, Joshua Schwartz, and Peter J. Tomson, eds., The Literature of the Sages: Second Part: Midrash and Targum, Liturgy, Poetry, Mysticism, Contracts, Inscriptions, Ancient Science and the Languages of Rabbinic Literature, Review of Biblical Literature [http://www.bookreviews.org] (2007).

Review by Marvin A. Sweeney
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Published 6/28/2008
Citation: Marvin A. Sweeney, review of Shmuel Safrai, Zeev Safrai, Joshua Schwartz, and Peter J. Tomson, eds., The Literature of the Sages: Second Part: Midrash and Targum, Liturgy, Poetry, Mysticism, Contracts, Inscriptions, Ancient Science and the Languages of Rabbinic Literature, Review of Biblical Literature [http://www.bookreviews.org] (2008).

Current Trends in the Study of Midrash

Current Trends in the Study of Midrash

Bakhos, Carol, editor

Leiden: Brill, 2006

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Supplements to the Journal for the Study of Judaism, 106

Description: This collection of essays by many of the leading scholars of midrash and rabbinics reflects the various current methodological approaches to the study of rabbinic scriptural interpretation. During the last three decades of the 20th century scholars in the field made significant forays into literary studies, interdisciplinary studies, and to some degree womens studies. This volume thus illustrates these trends, and highlights several fundamental studies, such as the origins of midrash, the making of critical editions, and the relationship of midrash to other forms of Jewish as well as non-Jewish exegesis. Situating midrash within the broader contexts of hermeneutics, rabbinics and postmodern studies, the volume as a whole presents the reader with a comprehensive view of the kinds of questions and issues scholars in the field are engaging.

Subjects: Bible, Mishnah, Talmudic and Rabbinic Literature, Literature

Review by Siam Bhayro
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Published 6/28/2008
Citation: Siam Bhayro, review of Carol Bakhos, ed., Current Trends in the Study of Midrash, Review of Biblical Literature [http://www.bookreviews.org] (2008).

Midrash and Context

Midrash and Context: Proceedings of the 2004 and 2005 SBL Consultation on Midrash

Ulmer, Rivka and Lieve M. Teugels, editors
Piscataway, N.J.: Gorgias, 2007

Series Information
Judaism in Context, 5

Description: Co-editors Rivka Ulmer and Lieve Teugels, leading experts on midrash, here present seven groundbreaking essays on rabbinic midrash by a new generation of erudite scholars of rabbinic Judaism and early Christianity. The contributions reflect a deep understanding of the languages and literatures of the Middle East in Late Antiquity, a thorough grounding in the history of research, a judicious application of textual criticism of rabbinic texts, an empathetic encounter with the abiding values conveyed by these texts, and three distinct forms of interdisciplinary scholarship. Five of the seven essays compare, contrast, and mediate between rabbinic and patristic exegesis and elucidate elements of culture shared by these ancient interpreters of Scripture. Another essay applies orality studies and semiotics to the study of the origin, forms, and content of aggadic midrash, especially the ubiquitous and seldom analyzed “prooftext.” The volume concludes with an exposition of the rabbinic sages' familiarity with and utilization of the Egyptian Osiris myth in their homilies and Scriptural exegesis.

Subjects: Bible, Mishnah, Talmudic and Rabbinic Literature, Literature

Review by Alex P. Jassen
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Published 5/31/2008

El Midrash - Shemot

El Midrash – Shemot
Autor: Menajem Beber
Sinopse: Coletânea de midrashim (alegorias talmúdicas) sobre o livro do Êxodo, em espanhol.